Head-lamp



C. N. WEEMS.

HEAD LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED mu: 19, I919.

SHEET Patented A INVENTOR MAM ORNEY.

C. N. WEEMS.

HEAD LAMP.

APPLZCATION 1115011111519, 1919.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR C. N. WEEMS.

HEAD LAMP.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE :9. 19:9.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

4 SHEETS-SWEET 3.

INVENTOR ATTO EY.

BY W:

AQDz

C. N. WEEMS.

HEAD LAMP. APPLIEA'HON HLED JUNE 19. 919.

Patented Aug. 17, 1920.

4 SHEfiTS-SHEET 4.

INVENTOR ATTO E! ,of Irvington, county -of New ersey, have invented certain new UNITED STATES PATENT oFFic-js.

CHESTER N. WEEMS, OF'IRVINGTON, NEW JERSEY.

HEAD-LAMP.

' Application filed June is,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHESTER N. WEEMS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Essex, and State and useful "Improvements in Head-Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an improved headlamp which is adapted fOIllSQ. where it is desired to project the rays light in a substantiall limited beam, and is particularly adapted or use on automobiles in order to adequatel illuminate the road ahead of the car and to prevent glarein the eyes of approaching persons or of the driver of the car itself, the latter glare being very often the case in rainy, snowy or foggy weather.

The present in ention is designed. to provide a headlamp in which no direct rays or reflected rays, that is, no light flux, is reflected above the level of the lamp center, this being brought about by the construction and disposition of reflectors and also,

desired, a reversed which is placed before and above the electric fvide a headlamp,

that the required adjustment 0 auxiliary reflector lamp bulb or other source of light.

-, The invention is further designed to prothe structure of which is compact and has marked stability, the easing and the reflectors being so assembled in conjunction witha horizontal partition approximately equi-distant'between the top and the bottom of the lamp as to hold the assembled parts against rattling or displacement. 1 a

A further object of the invention is to provide a headlamp of this-kind in which the electric lamp bulb is mounted so that it can be easily and quickly ad'ustable so the lamp relative to the reflectors can be made, and such adjustment will not he accidentally changed but requires manipulation if a new adiustment is desired.

n the preferred form, the electric lamp bulb is placed at an angle to the horizontal axis of the lamp and projects slightly downward throu h an open in the horizontal partition. -t will also e noted that the best results are secured if the filament of Specification of Letters Patent.

shown in ,the lamp fit'inbo slots Patented Aug. 1'7, 1920.

1919. Serial No. 305,292.

section on line 1-1.in Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front view, broken. away to more clearly illustrate the construction. Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 in Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a detail section of the lamp supporting fixture. Fig. 5 is a face view of part of the structure Fig. 4. Figs. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are diagrammatic views showing the curvature of the reflectors and their correla .tion.

The lamp body comprises a casing 10, which is provided on the front with a lid or door 11, which is fastened in any suitable way, such as by the hinge 12 and the catch 13, the rim of the door-being provided with suitable means, such as the clip 14, for holding a circular piece of clear or transparent glass 15. A snug fit is secured by means of a washer or gasket 16. A horizontal support 15 or an provided with an opening 19, and in rear of the opening is mounted the lamp supporting fixture, which consists of a stationary member 20 secured by suitable means, such as the screws 21, and a movable member 22 which is arran ed to slide in the fixed member, havin a an e 23 into which the screw 24 is fitte The ead 25 of the screw'pro- 9o videsfor the adjustment of the parts, the screw being provided with a permanent collar' 26 which fits againstthe rear face of the In 27 of the fixed member 20. The movab e member 22 is preferably in the form of 5 a sleeve to receive the neck 28 of the bulb 29, and guiding lugs 30 on the base 28 of p 31 in the member 22, so that when the lamp is pushed in and then to the right, the lugs 30 are seated in the 0 slots, the lateral portion of the slot extendin a distance but little greater than the diameter of the guiding lugs almost at right angles to the main portion of the slot.

he springs 32 are secured to the inner side of the sleeve 22 and are insulated therefrom by a suitable insulation 33, these springs having contact ends 34 which fit against the contacts 35 at the end of the base 28 of the electric lamp bulb and act to com- 1111 tem the circuit with the lamp, and also by 1 air spring pressure tend to hold the lamp in position, the springs 32 having the wires 36 secured thereto by soldering or other suitable means, the wires 36' extending to the outside of the casing, preferably through the supporting post 37, which is hollow and which is suitably secured to the casing of the headlamp and thereby acts as a support therefor.

The associated reflectors that cooperate to direct the beam of light in the desired direction consist of an upper reflector 38, which is preferably secured to the supporting plate or partition 17 by means of its flange 39, and a lower reflector 40 similarly secured by a similar flange, and forward reflector-s 41 and 42, preferably formed of sheet metal and having a flange 43 which rests on and is preferably riveted or screwed to the partition or support -17.

It will thus be seen from this description that the lamp casing and the elements on the inside thereof are held together in a compact and stable manner, and the central support, while not essential, is preferable in providing a convenient means for supporting the reflectors 41 and 42 and also for supporting the electric bulb preferably at an angle of about twenty-five degrees to the horizontal axis of the lamp. The reflectors themselves can be of any form to bring about the desired end, but I have devised reflectors of a special form and made according to a particular formula, the description of which is contained hereinafter.

The reflectors 38 and 40 are the main reflectors, mounted in the usual position in rear of the electric lamp or other source of illumination, and reflectors 41 and 42, which will be hereinafter referred to as the auxiliary reflector and mentioned. as one reflector, are mounted on the upper side of the supporting plate or partition, 17 in front of the electric lamp.

It is the purpose in this invention to employ for reflectors 38 and 40 any suitable reflectors arranged to reflect beams of light through the face of the headlamp at an angle downward from the horizontal axis of the headlamp. Such a result can be readily secured by using half parabolic reflectors mounted on the horizontal supporting plate in a. tilted position so that their axes of revolution are inclined to the horizontal axis of the headlamp.

It is the purpose to employ for the auxiliary reflector any suitable reflector which will intercept the light that would otherwise strike directly from the light source through the face of the headlamp above the horizontal level \of the light source and which will reflect such light to the lower main reflector in such a manner that this flux is in turn.-

reflected by the lower main reflector tlirough the face of the headlamfp in a beam Whose direction is downward mm the horizontal axis of the headlamp. Such a result can be readily obtained by employing an ellipsoidal reflector which projects an image of the light source at a point adjacent to the light source. Such an image would be secured if one focus of the reflector were, taken at the center of the light source and the other focus on the horizontal axis in front of the light source and distant from the light source half its width. Such an image would then serve as a secondary light source for the lower main reflector and would have the same effect as the primary light source except that the resulting beam would be angularly displaced from the beam generated by the primary light source by an angle equal to that subtended on the main reflector by the primary light source. In the case of the main reflector having a greater angle of tilt downward from the horizontal axis of the headlamp than this displacement, it can readily be seen that the beam resulting from the use of the auxiliary reflector will pass through the face of the headlamp at an angle downward from the horizontal axis of the headlamp.

With such an arrangement of the a aratus it will be seen that substantially all of the light flux from the light source is utilized to illuminate the road and objects below the level of the headlamp center, and that an anti-glare headlamp is secured because no light is allowed to strike above the level of the center of the headlamp.

In this specification I do not claim as my invention the particular curvatures of the reflectors described or mentioned as likely to be employed, but my invention applies more particularly to the structure of the headlamp and the employment of a central supporting plate or partition which will allow a proper combination of reflectors suitable for an anti-glare headlight to be asesmbled and held in rigid position in a practicable manner.

claim:

1. A headlamp comprising a horizontal support with an openin therein, a reflector above the support, a reflector below the support, both reflectors being secured to and supported by the support, and a source of light secured on the support and extending into the opening.

2. A headlamp comprising a casing having a horizonta support Wltl l ,,.3l1 opening therein, a reflector above'the support, a reflector below the support, both reflectors being secured to and supported by the support, a source of light secured on the support and extending into the opening, anda supplemental reflector arranged on. the support and in front of the source of light.

3. A heafldlamp comprising a horizontal support, re ectors arranged on said an rt to project light from the front thereog tlie to hold the members in different positions relative to each other, and means on the movable member for securing an electric lamp thereto.

4. A headlamp comprising a casing hav- 'ing a substantially central and horizontal partition therein, the partition having an opening therein, an upper reflector secured to the partition, a lower reflector secured to the partition, bothrefleetors being arranged so that the opening in the partition is Within the curve of the reflectors, a supplemental reflector in front of and above the opening and adapted to reflect light through the opening" in the partition, a lamp supporting, fixture ('omprisin; a lixed member secured to the partition in rear of the opening, a movable member on the fixed member and adapted to be moved longitudinally and disposed so that it supports an electric lamp at an angle in the opening in the partition, and eo-aeting means on the two members of the fixture for both moving the movable memher aml retaining it in various adjust ed positions. v

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereto set my hand, this 18th (lay of June, 1919.

enns'rnn WEEMS. 

